Jodové kontrastní látky a alergie na jód: mýty a fakta

František Holm

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):142-143  

Quality of life after coronary artery bypass grafting: is the surgical approach crucial?

Martin Voborník, Martin Děrgel, Nedal Omran, Marie Lopourová, Marek Pojar, Zdeněk Šorm, Jan Harrer

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):144-147  

The aim of the study: To compare the quality of life of two patient groups that underwent surgical revascularization (CABG) for ischemic heart disease (isolated high-grade stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD)): The first group: 40-patients, who were revascularized through a left anterior small thoracotomy (LAST); and the second group: 28 patients, who were revascularized using a median sternotomy approach. Material and methods: In our study we included all elective patients (between the years 2007–2012) with isolated high-grade LAD stenosis, good ejection fraction (> 50 %), no previous coronary interventions...

Cardiogenic and septic shock in acute myocardial infarction

Milan Hromádka, Thomas Karvunidis, Richard Rokyta

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):148-153  

Cardiogenic shock is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction with a high mortality rate. A prompt and correct diagnosis and early revascularisation are the cornerstones of the treatment. Supportive therapy, both pharmacological and nonpharmacological, including the replacement of failing organs, is another important factor. Cardiogenic shock most frequently occurs in extensive acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI). Coincidence with systemic infection, sepsis, or even septic shock is relatively common. These complications increase the risk and incidence of (multi)organ damage (MODS), patient morbidity and...

Isolated form of left ventricular non compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) as a rare cause of heart failure

Sotiris Skopoulis, Nikol Suková, Petr Frídl, Zarina Karimova

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):154-157  

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare, hereditary disease manifested by heart failure, tromboembolic complications and arrhythmias, which can even result in sudden cardiac arrest. This disease is often misdiagnosed as dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy, apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or other myocardial infiltrative processes, including tumors. The goal of this article is to provide an updated and detailed overview of the isolated form of LVNC.

Possibilities of the patient’s and cardiologist’s X-ray dose reduction in interventional cardiology

Lucie Súkupová

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):158-163  

The study provides an overview of possibilities of X-ray dose reduction in interventional cardiology both to patients and physicians. The main source of physicians’ irradiation is the scatter radiation from patients, therefore the main way of the dose reduction is based on the reduction of X-ray dose to patients. In the first part of the study, the principle of the automatic dose rate control, which controls the amount of produced X-ray, is described. Further, an influence of the additional filtration, projection angle, magnification and frame rate (pulse rate) on the resulting dose is explained. The second part deals with the influence...

Transoesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of infected thrombi in the superior vena cava and the right

Jana Biathová, Pavel Nedbal, Rostislav Polášek

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):164-166  

atrium associated with central venous catheters and intracardially implanted leads The widespread use of central venous catheters in critical conditions and in chronic therapy and the increasing number of patients with intracardially implanted leads are associated with an increased risk of complications such as thrombosis and infections of the venous system or the right heart. In two case reports, we point out the difficulties in diagnosing infected thrombi in the right atrium and mainly in the superior vena cava where the mass is often overlooked. We emphasize the necessity to indicate transoesophageal echocardiography in uncertain infections...

Resistant arterial hypertension and pulmonary edema in a patient with iatrogenic severe renal artery stenosis

Milan Oravec, Josef Veselka

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):168-169  

Renovascular hypertension is one of the main causes of secondary hypertension. The most common substrate leading to renal artery stenosis is atherosclerosis, as well as fibromuscular dysplasia, furthermore it may be vasculitis, extrinsic compression, radiotherapy. The gold standard for diagnosis of the renal artery stenosis is the angiography. In this case report we present a patient with iatrogenic stenosis of the right renal artery manifesting as a pulmonary oedema, resistant arterial hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency.

Doporučení pro resuscitaci 2015 - aktuality ze sjezdu Evropské resuscitační rady v Praze

Tomáš Janota

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):181-182  

What the EXAMINE trial has shown: alogliptin after acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Lenka Špinarová, Jindřich Špinar, Jiří Vítovec

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):170-173  

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious chronic condition with an increasing incidence in the developed countries. At present, novel drug classes are being introduced in the treatment of diabetes, for which most data are available concerning the action on the incretin system. Incretin hormones currently include GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide). Both these incretin hormones are metabolized within minutes by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4). The mechanism of action of these drugs, called gliptins, consists in inhibiting DPP-4. The EXAMINE trial, in which alogliptin was administered following...

What has the SIGNIFY trial shown?

Jaromír Hradec

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):174-177  

Increased resting heart rate (HR) is an independent marker of increased cardiovascular risk, both in the general population and in patients with various cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacological reduction of HR (e.g., with beta-blockers) reduces the cardiovascular risk. Ivabradine, a selective sinus node If channel inhibitor, reduces HR without having other effects, such as haemodynamic ones. In the SHIFT trial, HR reduction with ivabradine has been shown to reduce the rate of cardiovascular events in patients with systolic heart failure. A post hoc subgroup analysis in the otherwise neutral BEAUTIFUL trial has suggested that ivabradine also...

Optical coherence tomography

Pavel Chutný, Daniel Chalupa, Petr Kala, Jan Kaňovský, Lumír Koc, Tomáš Ondrúš, Tereza Nováková

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2015;14(4):178-179  

The basic principles of optical coherence tomography are described in this article. The resolution and depth of tissue penetration are discussed. The beginnings of this method and artifacts that decrease the quality of the final image are mentioned. In conclusion, the future possible development of this optical imaging method is described.