Proč téma akutní a emergentní echokardiografie?

MUDr. Tomáš Janota, CSc., editor hlavního tématu

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):7  

Acute echocardiography

Tomáš Janota

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):8-13 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.004  

Echocardiography is increasingly used as a rapid examination tool in patients with acute cardiovascular conditions. Such examination is carried out by doctors with various specializations. The article deals with this issue, particularly with the rapid examination of patients with acute chest pain, acute heart failure, shock states, pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade, complications of myocardial infarction, acute disease of the ascending aorta as well as other acute cardiovascular conditions and diseases or of those suspected to have them.

Lung and chest ultrasound

Michal Malý

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):14-16 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.009  

Lungs and chest cavities ultrasound has become the standard part of the examinations in intensive care as well as in admission and standard wards. The targeted point-of-care examination is mainly used to rule out chest effusion, and pneumothorax, to assess hyperemia in pulmonary edema or tissue consolidation in pneumonia, and last but not least as a guide to procedures, especially chest punctures and drainages.

Emergency echocardiography in patients with acute heart failure

Robert Holaj

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):17-20 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.005  

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the method of choice for assessment of myocardial systolic and diastolic function of both the left and right ventricles. Echocardiography is a term used here to refer to all cardiac ultrasound imaging techniques, including two-dimensional/three-dimensional echocardiography, pulsed and continuous wave Doppler, colour flow Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging, contrast echocardiography, and deformation imaging (strain and strain rate).

Echocardiographic examination in suspected acute pulmonary embolism

Anna Valeriánová, Tomáš Janota

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):21-23 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.010  

Echocardiography is one of the basic methods in suspected acute pulmonary embolism. In addition to the differential diagnosis of other cardiovascular diseases with similar clinical manifestations to pulmonary embolism, it allows, above all, non-invasive risk stratification of the patient and thus contributes to the decision-making process regarding the treatment strategy. The investigation should should be performed as early as possible at the patient's bedside.

Echocardiographic examination of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade

Anna Valeriánová, Tomáš Janota

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):24-26 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.007  

Echocardiography is the most accessible, yet very sensitive and reliable method to detect an increased amount of pericardial fluid and to recognize emergent situations requiring pericardial punction and to guide this invasive procedure. The biggest advantages of echocardiography are its' availability bedside and unlimited possibility of repeating the examination. Every doctor working in intensive care should be able to perform a basic ultrasound examination for diagnosing presence of the pericardial effusion and to evaluate its' hemodynamic significance.

Emergency echocardiography in infective endocarditis

Robert Holaj

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):27-29 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.006  

Echocardiography is the technique of choice for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) and plays a key role in the management and monitoring of these patients. Echocardiography must be performed as soon as IE is suspected.

Acute vascular ultrasound

Zdislava Štulcová

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):30-32 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.008  

At present, the ultrasound examination is an unreplaceable method, which, thanks to the possibility of examination at the patient's bedside, is used more and more often in acute situations. From the point of view of examination in the acute state, the most important diagnoses are deep vein thrombosis, acute arterial occlusion and post-puncture complications after invasive procedures. The basic indications and basic methodology of these examinations are outlined in this article.

Pharmacological stress test using regadenoson in conventional and dynamic cardiac SPECT

Milan Kamínek, Vladimír Kincl, Martin Havel

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):33-36 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.001  

Regadenoson as a selective A_2A adenosine enables pharmacological stress when exercise stress techniques would be impossible or very difficult. We present two case reports demonstrating its advantages. In case 1, we initially attempted to induce stress using physical exercise in a 77-year-old male patient after coronary artery bypass graft. Due to inadequate heart rate increase, the stress was promptly converted to pharmacological stress using regadenoson in combination with a low level of exercise. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed extensive ischaemia of the lateral wall. Coronary angiography subsequently revealed...

Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion after removal of the pericardial drain in a penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the ascending aorta with pseudoaneurysm

Silvia Farkašová Iannaccone, Tibor Porubän, Alžbeta Ginelliová, Dorota Sopková, Peter Bohuš, Daniel Farkaš

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):38-42 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.003  

A penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) is a type of ulcerative lesion that breaches the internal elastic lamina, allowing for the formation of a hematoma within the medial wall of the aorta (1). PAUs typically occur in advanced atherosclerotic lesions and are more commonly observed in elderly individuals with a higher cardiovascular risk. The clinical course of PAUs can vary and may involve complications such as intramural hematomas, dissection, and pseudoaneurysms (PSA) (2). If the ulcerative lesion extends through the adventitia, it can lead to a life-threatening bleeding, necessitating careful management of PAUs. We report the case of a 66-year-old...

The role of intracoronary thrombolysis in thrombus-laden coronary artery: a case report

I Gde Rurus Suryawan, Rizal Muhammad, Fita Triastuti

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):43-49 | DOI: 10.36290/kar.2024.002  

Introduction: Large intracoronary thrombus in patients presenting with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can cause distal embolization, the no-reflow phenomenon, and stent thrombosis. Approximately 10% of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have distal embolization of thrombus, causing coronary microvascular obstruction and reduced myocardial tissue perfusion. This can lead to ongoing ischemia, a larger infarct size, and a significant increase in 30-day mortality, regardless of successful PCI with normal epicardial vessel flow. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old Asian male presented with STEMI. Coronary angiography...

Zemřel pan profesor MUDr. Ivan Vaněk, DrSc.

prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Lindner, CSc., FICS

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):50  

Vzpomínka na pana profesora MUDr. Ivana Vaňka, DrSc.

Jan František Vojáček

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):51-52  

Profesor Alain Cribier zemřel dne 16. února 2024 ve věku 79 let

prof. MUDr. Jan F. Vojáček, DrSc.

Interv Akut Kardiol. 2024;23(1):53-54